diff --git a/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/.gitignore b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e865c8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Default ignored files
+/shelf/
+/workspace.xml
+# Rider ignored files
+/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.iml
+/modules.xml
+/projectSettingsUpdater.xml
+/contentModel.xml
+# Editor-based HTTP Client requests
+/httpRequests/
+# Ignored default folder with query files
+/queries/
+# Datasource local storage ignored files
+/dataSources/
+/dataSources.local.xml
diff --git a/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/.name b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/.name
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b44cf1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/.name
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Tnsu.ApprovalRoute
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/encodings.xml b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/encodings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df87cf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/encodings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="Encoding" addBOMForNewFiles="with BOM under Windows, with no BOM otherwise" />
+</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/indexLayout.xml b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/indexLayout.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b08163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/indexLayout.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="UserContentModel">
+    <attachedFolders />
+    <explicitIncludes />
+    <explicitExcludes />
+  </component>
+</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/vcs.xml b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/vcs.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c0b863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/.idea/.idea.Tnsu.ApprovalRoute/.idea/vcs.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
+    <mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$/.." vcs="Git" />
+  </component>
+</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Api/Program.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Api/Program.cs
index 6a18908..a1dac74 100644
--- a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Api/Program.cs
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Api/Program.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
 using Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Application;
 using Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Infrastructure;
 
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/RequestType.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/RequestType.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cd90e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/RequestType.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Entities;
+
+public class RequestType
+{
+    public Guid Id { get; set; } = Guid.NewGuid();
+    public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+    public string PageUrl { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+    public ICollection<Route> Routes { get; set; } = new List<Route>();
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/Route.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/Route.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e531aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/Route.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+using Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Enums;
+
+namespace Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Entities;
+
+public class Route
+{
+    public Guid Id { get; set; } = Guid.NewGuid();
+    public RouteType RouteType { get; set; } = RouteType.Sequential;
+    public Guid RequestTypeId { get; set; }
+
+    // Внешние справочники (1С/ZUP) — хранятся как ссылки без FK в этой БД.
+    public Guid DepartmentId { get; set; }
+    public Guid CompanyId { get; set; }
+    public Guid ProjectId { get; set; }
+
+    public bool RequiresControl { get; set; }
+
+    public RequestType? RequestType { get; set; }
+    public ICollection<RouteStep> Steps { get; set; } = new List<RouteStep>();
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/RouteStep.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/RouteStep.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf01d87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Entities/RouteStep.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Enums;
+
+namespace Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Entities;
+
+public class RouteStep
+{
+    public Guid Id { get; set; } = Guid.NewGuid();
+    public int OrderNo { get; set; }
+
+    // Внешняя ссылка на пользователя (1С/ZUP) — без локальной таблицы Users.
+    public Guid ExecutorUserId { get; set; }
+    public string Position { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+    public RouteStepStatus Status { get; set; } = RouteStepStatus.Draft;
+    public Guid RouteId { get; set; }
+    public bool AllowReassignToOtherApprovers { get; set; }
+
+    public Route? Route { get; set; }
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Enums/RouteStepStatus.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Enums/RouteStepStatus.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..147d9d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Enums/RouteStepStatus.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+namespace Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Enums;
+
+public enum RouteStepStatus
+{
+    Draft,
+    OnApproval,
+    Approved,
+    InExecution,
+    Completed,
+    Returned,
+    Closed
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Enums/RouteType.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Enums/RouteType.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a042fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain/Enums/RouteType.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Enums;
+
+public enum RouteType
+{
+    Parallel,
+    Sequential
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Infrastructure/Persistence/ApprovalRouteDbContext.cs b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Infrastructure/Persistence/ApprovalRouteDbContext.cs
index 6fa2086..c845852 100644
--- a/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Infrastructure/Persistence/ApprovalRouteDbContext.cs
+++ b/backend/src/Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Infrastructure/Persistence/ApprovalRouteDbContext.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,40 @@
 using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Domain.Entities;
 
 namespace Tnsu.ApprovalRoute.Infrastructure.Persistence;
 
 public class ApprovalRouteDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApprovalRouteDbContext> options) : DbContext(options)
 {
+    public DbSet<RequestType> RequestTypes => Set<RequestType>();
+    public DbSet<Route> Routes => Set<Route>();
+    public DbSet<RouteStep> RouteSteps => Set<RouteStep>();
+
+    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
+    {
+        modelBuilder.Entity<RequestType>(e =>
+        {
+            e.ToTable("request_types");
+            e.HasKey(x => x.Id);
+            e.Property(x => x.Name).HasMaxLength(256).IsRequired();
+            e.Property(x => x.PageUrl).HasMaxLength(512).IsRequired();
+        });
+
+        modelBuilder.Entity<Route>(e =>
+        {
+            e.ToTable("routes");
+            e.HasKey(x => x.Id);
+            e.Property(x => x.RouteType).HasConversion<string>().HasMaxLength(32).IsRequired();
+            e.HasOne(x => x.RequestType).WithMany(x => x.Routes).HasForeignKey(x => x.RequestTypeId);
+        });
+
+        modelBuilder.Entity<RouteStep>(e =>
+        {
+            e.ToTable("route_steps");
+            e.HasKey(x => x.Id);
+            e.Property(x => x.Position).HasMaxLength(128).IsRequired();
+            e.Property(x => x.Status).HasConversion<string>().HasMaxLength(32).IsRequired();
+            e.HasOne(x => x.Route).WithMany(x => x.Steps).HasForeignKey(x => x.RouteId);
+            e.HasIndex(x => new { x.RouteId, x.OrderNo });
+        });
+    }
 }